PFAS Regulations in 2025: What EHS Professionals Need to Know

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have become a critical focus for environmental, health, and safety (EHS) professionals worldwide. Often referred to as "forever chemicals," PFAS are a group of synthetic compounds used extensively in manufacturing, from nonstick cookware and waterproof textiles to firefighting foam. Their persistence in the environment and bioaccumulation in living organisms pose significant risks to both human health and ecosystems.

The year 2025 marks a pivotal shift in the regulatory landscape for PFAS, as governments worldwide, led by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), implement stricter controls on their production, use, and disposal. For EHS professionals, these changes signify not just compliance challenges but also opportunities to lead sustainability efforts within their organizations.

This article delves into the critical updates to PFAS regulations for 2025, offering insights and actionable strategies to help EHS managers prepare for and adapt to these landmark changes.

What Are PFAS?

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) represent a vast class of over 12,000 synthetic chemicals characterized by their unique carbon-fluorine bonds. This chemical structure gives PFAS their remarkable stability, making them resistant to heat, water, and oil. These properties have made PFAS indispensable in various industries, including electronics, aerospace, textiles, and food packaging.

However, the very durability that makes PFAS valuable also makes them harmful. Dubbed “forever chemicals,” PFAS do not naturally break down, leading to their accumulation in soil, water, and the human body. Scientific studies have linked prolonged PFAS exposure to severe health risks, including cancer, thyroid disorders, liver damage, and immune system suppression.

PFAS contamination has become a global environmental crisis. These chemicals are frequently detected in drinking water supplies and agricultural lands, causing widespread concern. Regulatory bodies are intensifying efforts to address these issues, recognizing the urgent need to limit PFAS exposure and mitigate their impacts. For EHS professionals, understanding the science and prevalence of PFAS is critical to navigating the evolving regulatory environment and safeguarding their organizations against potential liabilities.

Key Changes in 2025 Regulations

The regulatory framework for PFAS is set to tighten significantly in 2025, with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) spearheading efforts to address these persistent chemicals. Several new measures aim to curb PFAS production, minimize exposure, and enhance environmental and human health protections.

A major milestone is the EPA’s anticipated finalization of enforceable limits for PFAS in drinking water under the Safe Drinking Water Act. This regulation targets specific compounds like PFOA and PFOS, setting limits as low as 4 parts per trillion (ppt)—a groundbreaking move given the chemicals' widespread detection in water systems. Additionally, new rules will require industries to monitor and report PFAS releases into air, soil, and waterways, ensuring greater transparency and accountability.

The Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) is also undergoing revisions. Manufacturers must now disclose PFAS usage in their products and demonstrate efforts to phase out or find safer alternatives. For industries such as textiles, firefighting, and electronics, these updates necessitate significant changes in supply chain management and production processes.

Another critical update involves waste management. Landfills and wastewater treatment facilities are facing stricter guidelines for handling PFAS-laden materials. Compliance will require enhanced treatment technologies and monitoring protocols.

Globally, other countries are following suit. The European Union is advancing its plans to ban over 10,000 PFAS chemicals by 2025, creating additional challenges for multinational corporations. These synchronized efforts reflect growing recognition of PFAS as a global crisis.

For EHS professionals, staying ahead of these regulations is imperative. Understanding these changes enables proactive planning, minimizing risks of noncompliance and reputational damage while fostering sustainable practices.

Implications for EHS Professionals

The upcoming PFAS regulations pose significant challenges and responsibilities for EHS professionals, who play a central role in ensuring organizational compliance and mitigating risks. As the 2025 implementation deadline approaches, EHS managers must adapt their practices to meet heightened standards.

One immediate task is conducting a comprehensive inventory of PFAS usage within the organization. This involves identifying all products, processes, and waste streams that may contain these chemicals. Collaboration with suppliers to obtain detailed material disclosures is also essential, especially for industries heavily reliant on PFAS-containing materials, such as manufacturing, firefighting, and construction.

EHS teams will also need to establish robust monitoring systems to track PFAS emissions and ensure compliance with reporting requirements. This could include sampling water discharges, testing air emissions, and auditing waste disposal practices. Implementing advanced technologies for PFAS detection, such as high-resolution mass spectrometry, can enhance the accuracy of these efforts.

Training and communication are critical components of compliance. Employees at all levels must be educated about the new regulations, their implications, and best practices for managing PFAS-related risks. This ensures organizational alignment and fosters a culture of accountability.

Additionally, EHS managers must prepare for increased scrutiny from regulators and stakeholders. Transparent reporting, backed by data-driven assessments, will be key to maintaining trust and credibility.

By proactively addressing these challenges, EHS professionals not only safeguard their organizations against potential liabilities but also position themselves as leaders in environmental stewardship and sustainability.

Future Trends and Innovations

As PFAS regulations evolve, advancements in technology and policy offer promising pathways for mitigation and management. Emerging solutions, such as activated carbon filters, ion exchange resins, and advanced oxidation processes, are proving effective in reducing PFAS contamination in water systems. Meanwhile, industries are exploring biodegradable alternatives to PFAS, fostering innovation in materials science.

Policy developments are also gaining momentum on the global stage. Initiatives like the European Union’s sweeping restrictions on PFAS and collaborative international efforts signal a shift toward comprehensive, unified action. For EHS professionals, staying abreast of these trends is essential for long-term compliance and environmental leadership.

BLS Report on Workplace Shows Injury Decline for 2023

The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) recently released its 2023 report on workplace injuries and illnesses in the U.S., marking a positive trend for employee health and safety. According to the report, nonfatal workplace injuries and illnesses in the private sector decreased compared to 2022. This latest data is a crucial indicator of progress in occupational safety, offering insights into how policies, industry practices, and safety programs have evolved to reduce incident rates.

Workplace safety remains an essential focus across all sectors, as both employers and regulators prioritize the health and well-being of the workforce. The findings in the BLS report highlight not only improvements in incident prevention but also the areas that require continued attention and resources. This analysis explores the key takeaways from the 2023 report, the underlying factors behind the decline, and what these findings mean for future workplace safety.

Key Findings of the 2023 BLS Report

The 2023 Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) report on nonfatal workplace injuries and illnesses reveals a positive trend for worker safety across the U.S. private sector, with a noticeable decrease in incident rates compared to the previous year. This decline indicates that fewer workers were affected by nonfatal injuries and illnesses, underscoring the effectiveness of improved safety protocols and risk management practices in many industries.

According to the BLS data, the private sector saw a year-over-year reduction in reported injury and illness cases, with sectors such as manufacturing, retail, and transportation showing some of the most significant declines. The report also highlighted changes in incident types, with declines in repetitive motion injuries, slips and falls, and equipment-related accidents. Healthcare and manufacturing, often associated with higher injury rates, also recorded improvements, a possible indication of enhanced safety measures in traditionally high-risk environments.

One notable trend in the 2023 data is the continued impact of post-pandemic safety measures, such as better ventilation and personal protective equipment (PPE) usage, which may have contributed to a decrease in respiratory illnesses. Additionally, ergonomic interventions and technology-driven safety programs in physically demanding jobs played a role in reducing incidents of strain and repetitive stress injuries.

This report provides a snapshot of how industry sectors are responding to the challenge of keeping employees safe while maintaining productivity. These findings serve as a foundation for understanding broader trends in EHS and evaluating areas that still require improvement.

Factors Behind the Decline

The decline in nonfatal workplace injuries and illnesses reported by the Bureau of Labor Statistics for 2023 can be attributed to a mix of regulatory, technological, and organizational improvements in employee health and safety. This section explores some of the most significant factors contributing to the recent progress.

Enhanced Safety Programs and Training Initiatives
Many industries have increased their commitment to safety programs, emphasizing prevention through training and proactive risk assessment. Enhanced safety training often focuses on hazard recognition, use of protective equipment, and emergency response skills. Programs like OSHA’s Safe + Sound campaign have also encouraged employers to actively involve employees in safety planning, which has been shown to lower injury rates. When workers feel empowered to identify and mitigate risks, workplaces become safer environments.

Regulatory Changes and Stronger Enforcement
The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has played a role in reducing workplace injuries through stricter enforcement of safety regulations and by prioritizing high-risk sectors for inspections. For example, OSHA has recently targeted industries like construction and manufacturing with initiatives focused on reducing falls, equipment injuries, and hazardous exposures. These targeted programs push organizations to adhere to rigorous safety standards, reducing incidents in traditionally high-risk jobs.

Advances in Technology and Data Analytics
The adoption of technology has transformed workplace safety in recent years. Many companies now utilize data analytics to identify high-risk behaviors and monitor trends in workplace incidents. Wearable devices, for example, are being used in physically demanding jobs to monitor employees’ movements and reduce ergonomic risks. Predictive analytics and real-time tracking can alert managers to potential safety risks before incidents occur, allowing for immediate corrective actions.

Post-COVID Workplace Adjustments
The ongoing influence of COVID-19 has also prompted new safety measures, especially in indoor environments. Improved ventilation, hygiene practices, and the use of personal protective equipment continue to contribute to a decrease in respiratory illnesses and other related workplace injuries. These preventive measures, originally intended to curb virus transmission, have proven beneficial in broader workplace health and safety applications.

Challenges Still Present in Workplace Safety

Despite the progress shown in the 2023 BLS report, challenges persist in ensuring safety across all sectors. Some industries, such as agriculture, construction, and healthcare, continue to experience higher rates of workplace injuries and illnesses. These sectors are characterized by the physical demands of the work, exposure to potentially hazardous environments, and, in some cases, difficulty in maintaining comprehensive safety oversight due to the nature of the work environment.

In construction, for example, hazards related to falls from heights, heavy machinery, and electrical exposure remain prevalent. Though targeted safety programs have helped, fully mitigating these risks requires continuous training, updated safety technologies, and vigilant monitoring. Similarly, in healthcare, workers often face risks associated with repetitive strain, exposure to infectious diseases, and incidents of workplace violence, particularly in emergency settings. The fast-paced nature of healthcare settings sometimes makes it difficult to maintain strict safety protocols.

Furthermore, many high-risk industries struggle with resource limitations, especially smaller businesses that may lack access to advanced safety technologies or extensive training programs. Addressing these barriers is crucial for achieving a more universal decline in workplace injuries and illnesses, ensuring that all employees, regardless of sector, benefit from a safe work environment.

Future Implications and the Path Forward

The 2023 decline in workplace injuries offers encouraging evidence that safety interventions are working, but it also highlights the need for sustained investment in Environmental, Health, and Safety (EHS) measures. To continue this trend, organizations must prioritize proactive safety practices and the adoption of emerging technologies like predictive analytics, which can help anticipate and prevent incidents.

Additionally, continued collaboration between industry leaders, regulatory agencies, and safety professionals will be essential to addressing the challenges in high-risk sectors. By fostering a culture of safety that adapts to changing workplace dynamics, employers can support long-term improvements in worker health and safety.

OSHA Fines Chicago Countertop Maker: Silica Dust Violations and the Importance of Compliance

In September 2024, OSHA took significant action against a countertop manufacturing company in Chicago, issuing over $1 million in fines for multiple violations related to silica dust exposure. Silica dust, a known hazard in many industries, including construction and manufacturing, poses severe health risks if not properly managed. OSHA’s enforcement actions underscore the critical importance of protecting workers from silica dust, which can cause irreversible damage to respiratory health. This case serves as a reminder of the necessity for companies to comply with OSHA’s stringent regulations to avoid not only financial penalties but also harm to their workforce.

Details of the Chicago Countertop Maker Violations

The countertop maker in question was found guilty of failing to implement sufficient measures to control silica dust levels in the workplace. Among the most egregious violations were the lack of proper ventilation systems, inadequate use of personal protective equipment (PPE), and failure to conduct regular air quality monitoring. OSHA’s investigation revealed that workers were exposed to dangerously high levels of respirable crystalline silica, a fine dust produced during cutting, grinding, or polishing materials such as stone and concrete.

Without adequate controls, this dust can become airborne, leading to direct inhalation by workers. In this particular case, the company neglected to provide necessary safety measures such as engineering controls to reduce silica dust emissions at the source. They also failed to offer employees training on the hazards of silica exposure or the proper use of PPE such as respirators. These oversights not only violated OSHA’s silica standards but also put the health of workers at severe risk, leading to significant fines.

Health Risks of Silica Dust Exposure

Silica dust exposure can have long-lasting and life-threatening health effects. The fine particles of silica dust can penetrate deep into the lungs, causing a range of respiratory illnesses. Silicosis, an incurable lung disease, is one of the most severe outcomes of prolonged silica exposure. Workers affected by silicosis experience reduced lung function, shortness of breath, chest pain, and fatigue. Over time, the disease can worsen, leading to disability or death. Additionally, silica exposure increases the risk of lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and kidney disease.

The seriousness of these health risks is why OSHA has established strict regulations around silica dust management, including permissible exposure limits (PEL) and mandatory use of dust control measures. Companies failing to comply with these regulations not only endanger their workers but also face significant legal and financial repercussions.

OSHA’s Standards and Compliance Requirements for Silica

To combat the dangers of silica dust exposure, OSHA has implemented comprehensive standards for industries where workers are at risk. These standards require employers to limit worker exposure to respirable crystalline silica to 50 micrograms per cubic meter of air, averaged over an 8-hour workday. In addition to maintaining this exposure limit, employers must implement engineering controls, such as ventilation systems or wet-cutting techniques, to minimize dust. Where engineering controls are not sufficient, employers must provide appropriate respiratory protection.

Furthermore, OSHA’s standards mandate regular monitoring of silica levels in the workplace, medical exams for workers exposed to high levels of silica, and detailed training programs that educate workers about the hazards of silica dust and the proper use of PPE. Failure to adhere to these requirements can result in significant penalties, as evidenced by the Chicago case. Ensuring compliance not only protects workers but also helps companies avoid the steep financial costs associated with violations.

Impact of Fines and Future Industry Implications

The financial impact of over $1 million in fines can be devastating for any company, especially one found to have willfully neglected worker safety. Beyond the immediate monetary penalties, the company will likely face reputational damage, decreased worker morale, and potential litigation from affected employees. This case serves as a stark reminder for businesses across all industries that compliance with OSHA’s standards is not optional. Regular audits, safety inspections, and employee training are essential to maintaining a safe work environment and avoiding costly penalties.

One of the most effective ways companies can ensure compliance with OSHA regulations is through the use of checklists and routine safety assessments. Implementing a thorough checklist system allows employers to monitor silica exposure, ensure that engineering controls are functioning correctly, and confirm that workers are using PPE properly. Our company specializes in helping businesses develop customized compliance checklists and safety programs that meet OSHA’s strict requirements. By partnering with us, companies can proactively address safety concerns, reduce the risk of fines, and protect their workforce from the harmful effects of silica dust exposure.

Investing in comprehensive safety programs not only fosters a culture of safety but also ensures long-term operational success. By prioritizing compliance and worker health, businesses can avoid the high costs of non-compliance and create a safer, more productive work environment.

Cal/OSHA’s Wildfire Smoke Guidelines: Protecting Workers from Air Quality Risks

As wildfires continue to pose significant risks across various regions, particularly in California, the threat to public health and safety has become increasingly apparent. The combination of prolonged droughts, rising temperatures, and other climate-related factors has contributed to the frequency and intensity of wildfires, making them a persistent threat. Workers, especially those in outdoor environments, are particularly vulnerable to the dangers of wildfire smoke. The health implications are profound, ranging from acute respiratory issues to long-term chronic conditions.

The California Division of Occupational Safety and Health (Cal/OSHA) has recognized the critical need to address these risks by issuing comprehensive guidelines aimed at protecting workers from the harmful effects of wildfire smoke. These guidelines are not just a matter of regulatory compliance but are essential for safeguarding the health and well-being of employees during wildfire seasons. As wildfires become more frequent and severe, these protective measures are more critical than ever, ensuring that workers are not left vulnerable to the health hazards posed by poor air quality.

Cal/OSHA’s Recommendations for Air Quality Monitoring

Cal/OSHA’s recommendations emphasize the importance of continuous and rigorous air quality monitoring, particularly during wildfire events. Employers are required to track the Air Quality Index (AQI) closely, utilizing reliable sources such as the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) or local air quality management districts. The AQI is a crucial metric that measures air pollution levels, with a specific focus on particulate matter (PM2.5), which is particularly hazardous. When the AQI exceeds 150 for PM2.5, indicating unhealthy air quality levels, employers must implement immediate protective measures.

These protective measures are multifaceted, including the provision of appropriate respiratory protection such as N95 masks, which are specifically designed to filter out harmful particles. Employers are also advised to reduce exposure by altering work schedules, shifting work to indoor environments, or postponing non-essential outdoor activities. Cal/OSHA strongly encourages employers to educate their workers about the risks associated with wildfire smoke and to ensure that they are properly trained in the use of protective equipment. By adhering to these guidelines, employers can significantly mitigate the risks posed by deteriorating air quality, thereby protecting their workers from the severe health impacts of wildfire smoke.

The Health Risks of Wildfire Smoke

Wildfire smoke is a complex mixture of gases, chemicals, and fine particulate matter, making it a significant health hazard, especially for workers who are exposed to it over extended periods. The fine particles, known as PM2.5, are particularly dangerous because of their ability to penetrate deep into the lungs and enter the bloodstream. This can lead to a range of serious health problems, including respiratory issues such as bronchitis and asthma, cardiovascular diseases, and even cancer in cases of prolonged exposure.

For workers in outdoor environments, such as those in agriculture, construction, and emergency services, the risks are especially high. These workers are often on the front lines, exposed to high levels of smoke and other pollutants for extended periods. Vulnerable populations, including older adults, pregnant women, and individuals with preexisting health conditions, are at even greater risk. Long-term exposure to wildfire smoke can lead to chronic respiratory conditions, decreased lung function, and a higher likelihood of developing severe illnesses. The cumulative effects of such exposure underline the importance of stringent protective measures and the need for employers to take proactive steps to safeguard their workforce.

Employer Responsibilities and Compliance Strategies

Cal/OSHA mandates that employers take a proactive approach to protecting their workers from the dangers of wildfire smoke. These responsibilities are comprehensive and include not only continuous monitoring of air quality but also the implementation of specific measures to minimize exposure. Employers are required to develop and maintain a Wildfire Smoke Protection Plan, which should include detailed procedures for monitoring air quality, providing respiratory protection, and reducing worker exposure during periods of high risk.

To ensure compliance, employers can utilize a range of tools, including real-time air quality monitoring apps and AQI reports, which provide up-to-date information on air pollution levels. Training programs are also crucial, educating workers on the proper use of protective equipment and the importance of adhering to safety protocols. Employers should also have contingency plans in place, allowing for the modification or suspension of outdoor work activities when air quality deteriorates to hazardous levels. Regular communication with workers about air quality conditions and the protective measures being implemented is essential for maintaining a safe and compliant work environment.

Future Implications and the Need for Ongoing Vigilance

As climate change continues to drive the frequency and severity of wildfires, the need for ongoing vigilance and preparedness becomes increasingly critical. Employers must remain proactive in their efforts to monitor air quality and implement protective measures, ensuring that their workers are safeguarded against the health risks associated with wildfire smoke. The long-term benefits of adhering to Cal/OSHA’s guidelines extend beyond regulatory compliance, contributing to a healthier, more resilient workforce.

The future will likely see a continued emphasis on refining and updating Wildfire Smoke Protection Plans as new information and technologies become available. Staying informed about the latest safety recommendations and maintaining a culture of health and safety will be vital in mitigating the risks associated with wildfire smoke. By prioritizing the well-being of their employees, employers can help to ensure that their workforce remains protected, even as the challenges posed by wildfires continue to evolve. This commitment to safety not only benefits workers but also strengthens the overall resilience and reputation of the organization.

NIOSH’s July 2024 Updates: Enhancing Workplace Safety and Health

The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) plays a crucial role in ensuring the health and safety of workers across various industries. As part of its ongoing efforts, NIOSH regularly updates its guidelines, tools, and recommendations to address emerging workplace hazards and improve safety practices. The July 2024 updates are particularly significant, addressing critical issues such as heat stress management, employee safety concerns, and the prevention of musculoskeletal disorders. These updates reflect NIOSH’s commitment to adapting to new challenges and providing the necessary resources to protect workers effectively.

Focus on Heat Stress Management

One of the standout features of the July updates is the introduction of a new heat stress app designed to help manage heat-related risks in the workplace. This app provides real-time data on temperature, humidity, and other environmental factors, allowing employers and employees to monitor heat conditions and take appropriate measures to prevent heat-related illnesses. The app includes features such as personalized alerts, hydration reminders, and guidelines for safe work-rest cycles, making it a comprehensive tool for managing heat stress.

Heat stress is a significant concern, especially in industries such as construction, agriculture, and manufacturing, where workers are often exposed to high temperatures. By utilizing this app, employers can proactively address heat stress, reducing the incidence of heat exhaustion, heat stroke, and other related health issues. This technological advancement underscores NIOSH’s dedication to leveraging digital tools to enhance workplace safety and protect workers from the dangers of extreme heat.

Employee Concerns and Safety Training

Another critical area addressed in the July updates is the growing concern among employees about safety and the lack of adequate training. Recent surveys and studies have highlighted that many workers feel insufficiently trained to handle the risks associated with their jobs, leading to increased anxiety and potential safety lapses. NIOSH has responded to these concerns by emphasizing the importance of comprehensive safety training programs.

NIOSH recommends that employers implement regular training sessions that cover both general safety protocols and specific hazards relevant to their industry. These training programs should be interactive and engaging, ensuring that employees not only understand the safety procedures but also feel confident in their ability to apply them in real-world scenarios. Additionally, NIOSH advocates for the use of various training methods, including hands-on practice, simulations, and digital learning platforms, to cater to different learning preferences and reinforce the safety messages effectively.

By addressing the need for better training, NIOSH aims to create a more informed and prepared workforce. This approach not only enhances individual safety but also fosters a culture of safety within organizations, where employees are encouraged to prioritize and advocate for safe practices.

Preventing Musculoskeletal Disorders

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are a common cause of workplace injuries, often resulting from repetitive motions, heavy lifting, and poor ergonomics. Traditional training programs on lifting techniques have been shown to be ineffective in significantly reducing the incidence of MSDs. NIOSH’s July updates critique these outdated methods and propose a more holistic approach to preventing these injuries.

NIOSH recommends a focus on ergonomic interventions that redesign work processes to minimize physical strain. This includes the use of mechanical aids, adjustable workstations, and proper layout of tools and equipment to reduce awkward postures and repetitive motions. Additionally, NIOSH emphasizes the importance of early intervention and reporting of symptoms to prevent minor issues from developing into severe injuries.

By adopting these new guidelines, employers can create a safer work environment that not only protects employees from MSDs but also enhances overall productivity and job satisfaction. This proactive approach reflects NIOSH’s commitment to evolving its strategies based on the latest research and industry feedback.

Future Implications and Industry Response

The July 2024 updates from NIOSH are expected to have a positive impact on workplace safety and health. The introduction of the heat stress app, the emphasis on comprehensive safety training, and the new guidelines for preventing musculoskeletal disorders are all designed to address current challenges and improve safety outcomes.

Industry response to these updates has been largely positive, with many employers recognizing the value of the new tools and recommendations. However, there are also concerns about the costs and logistical challenges associated with implementing these changes. NIOSH encourages employers to view these updates as long-term investments in worker health and safety, which can lead to reduced injury rates, lower healthcare costs, and improved employee morale.

In the long term, these updates are expected to contribute to a safer and healthier workforce, reducing the incidence of workplace injuries and illnesses. By fostering a culture of safety and continuous improvement, NIOSH’s updates support the broader goal of protecting workers and promoting a positive workplace environment.

The integration of these changes sets a precedent for future updates and improvements. As new scientific data and technologies emerge, NIOSH is likely to continue refining its guidelines to address evolving workplace hazards. This ongoing process ensures that NIOSH remains at the forefront of occupational safety and health, providing the necessary resources and support to safeguard workers across various industries.